ʻAʻole malihini nā aniani maka i nā poʻe he nui, a ʻo ia ka aniani e pāʻani i kahi kuleana nui i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka myopia a me ke kau ʻana i nā maka aniani. Aia nā ʻano uhi like ʻole ma nā aniani maka,e like me nā uhi ʻōmaʻomaʻo, nā uhi polū, nā uhi polū-poni, a me nā mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "nā uhi gula tyrant kūloko" (kahi huaʻōlelo maʻamau no nā uhi kala gula).ʻO ke ʻano o ka ʻaʻahu ʻana a me ka haehae ʻana o nā uhi aniani kekahi o nā kumu nui no ke pani ʻana i nā maka aniani. I kēia lā, e aʻo kākou e pili ana i ka ʻike e pili ana i nā uhi aniani.
Ma mua o ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o nā aniani resin, ʻo nā aniani aniani wale nō nā mea i loaʻa ma ka mākeke. Loaʻa i nā aniani aniani nā pono e like me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka refractive index, ka transmittance māmā kiʻekiʻe, a me ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe, akā he mau hemahema nō hoʻi: he maʻalahi lākou e haki, kaumaha, a palekana ʻole, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
No ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā hemahema o nā aniani aniani, ua noiʻi a hoʻomohala nā mea hana i nā mea like ʻole i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e pani i ke aniani no ka hana ʻana i nā aniani. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole kūpono kēia mau koho ʻē aʻe—loaʻa i kēlā me kēia mea kona mau pono a me nā hemahema, e hiki ʻole ai ke hoʻokō i kahi hana kaulike e uhi ana i nā pono āpau. Hoʻokomo pū kēia me nā aniani resin (nā mea resin) i hoʻohana ʻia i kēia lā.
No nā aniani resin hou, he hana nui ka uhi ʻana.He nui nā hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā mea resin, e like me MR-7, MR-8, CR-39, PC, a me NK-55-C.Aia kekahi mau mea resin ʻē aʻe he nui, kēlā me kēia me nā ʻano ʻokoʻa iki. Inā he aniani aniani a he aniani resin paha, ke hele ka mālamalama ma ka ʻili o ka lens, e hana ʻia kekahi mau hanana optical: reflection, refraction, absorption, scattering, a me ka transmission.
Uhi Anti-Reflective
Ma mua o ka hiki ʻana o ka mālamalama i ka ʻili o kahi aniani, ʻo kona ikehu mālamalama he 100%. Eia nō naʻe, i ka wā e puka ai i waho o ka ʻili hope o ka aniani a komo i ka maka kanaka, ʻaʻole i 100% ka ikehu mālamalama. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pakeneka o ka ikehu mālamalama i mālama ʻia, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻoili ʻana o ka mālamalama, a ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ke ʻano kiʻi a me ka hoʻonā.
No kahi ʻano lens paʻa, ʻo ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka nalowale o ka noʻonoʻo ʻana he ala maʻamau ia e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka hoʻoili ʻana o ka mālamalama. ʻO ka nui o ka mālamalama e hoʻohuli ʻia, ʻo ka haʻahaʻa o ka hoʻoili ʻana o ka mālamalama o ka lens, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kiʻi. No laila, ua lilo ka anti-reflection i mea nui e pono e hoʻoponopono ʻia no nā lens resin—a penei ke ʻano o ka hoʻopili ʻia ʻana o nā uhi anti-reflective (i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he mau kiʻiʻoniʻoni anti-reflection a i ʻole nā uhi AR) i nā lens (i ka wā mua, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā uhi anti-reflective ma kekahi mau lens optical).
Hoʻohana nā uhi anti-reflective i ke kumumanaʻo o ka hoʻopilikia. Loaʻa iā lākou ka pilina ma waena o ka reflectance ikaika o ka mālamalama o ka papa anti-reflective o ka lens i uhi ʻia a me nā mea e like me ka nalu o ka mālamalama i hoʻopili ʻia, ka mānoanoa o ka uhi, ka helu refractive o ka uhi, a me ka helu refractive substrate lens. Hoʻoulu kēia hoʻolālā i nā kukuna mālamalama e hele ana ma o ka uhi e hoʻopau kekahi i kekahi, e hōʻemi ana i ka nalowale o ka ikehu mālamalama ma ka ʻili o ka lens a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ke kiʻi a me ka hoʻonā.
Hana ʻia ka hapa nui o nā uhi anti-reflective mai nā oxides metala maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe e like me ka titanium oxide a me ka cobalt oxide. Hoʻopili ʻia kēia mau mea i ka ʻili o ka lens ma o ke kaʻina hana hoʻoheheʻe (vacuum evaporation coating) e hoʻokō i kahi hopena anti-reflective kūpono. Noho pinepine nā koena ma hope o ke kaʻina hana uhi anti-reflective, a hōʻike ka hapa nui o kēia mau uhi i kahi waihoʻoluʻu ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
Ma ke kumumanaʻo, hiki ke hoʻomalu ʻia ke kala o nā uhi anti-reflective—no ka laʻana, hiki ke hana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mau uhi polū, nā uhi polū-poni, nā uhi poni, nā uhi hina, a pēlā aku. ʻOkoʻa nā uhi o nā kala like ʻole ma ke ʻano o kā lākou mau kaʻina hana. E lawe i nā uhi polū ma ke ʻano he laʻana: pono nā uhi polū e kaohi i kahi reflectance haʻahaʻa, e ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o kā lākou kaʻina hana uhi ma mua o nā uhi ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka ʻokoʻa o ka transmittance māmā ma waena o nā uhi polū a me nā uhi ʻōmaʻomaʻo he emi paha ma mua o 1%.
I nā huahana lens, hoʻohana nui ʻia nā uhi polū i nā lens waena a kiʻekiʻe. Ma ke ʻano nui, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻoili ʻana o ka mālamalama o nā uhi polū ma mua o nā uhi ʻōmaʻomaʻo (pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻo kēia "ma ke ʻano nui"). ʻO kēia no ka mea he hui ʻana o ka mālamalama o nā nalu me nā nalu like ʻole, a ʻokoʻa nā kūlana kiʻi o nā nalu like ʻole ma ka retina. Ma lalo o nā kūlana maʻamau, ua kiʻi pololei ʻia ke kukui melemele-ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma ka retina, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hāʻawi ʻana o ke kukui ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ka ʻike maka—no laila, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka maka kanaka i ke kukui ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Nov-06-2025